Compact optoelectronic oscillators using WGM modes on fused silica and MgF2 mini-disks resonators
Identifieur interne : 000124 ( Russie/Analysis ); précédent : 000123; suivant : 000125Compact optoelectronic oscillators using WGM modes on fused silica and MgF2 mini-disks resonators
Auteurs : RBID : Pascal:11-0007528Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Mode galerie, Modulation optique, Modulation phase, Bruit phase, Résonateur cavité, Guide onde optique, Photodiode, Amplificateur optique, Modulateur optique, Ligne retard, Hyperfréquence, Fibre optique, Magnésium Fluorure, Composé ternaire, Gallium Arséniure, Indium Arséniure, Microoptique, Silice fusionnée, F Mg, As Ga In, MgF2, InGaAs, 0130C, 4279G, 4260D, 4279H, 4279, Oscillateur optique.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Cavity resonators, Delay lines, Gallium Arsenides, Indium Arsenides, Magnesium Fluorides, Micro-optics, Microwave radiation, Optical amplifier, Optical fibers, Optical modulation, Optical modulators, Optical oscillators, Optical waveguides, Phase modulation, Phase noise, Photodiodes, Ternary compounds, Whispering gallery mode.
Abstract
This study deals with a design, fabrication and characterization of compact optoelectronic oscillators (OEO). Resonator behaves as a sphere because energy is trapped in whispering-gallery-modes in the equatorial region. For this purpose, Fused-silica and MgF2 are suitable, due to their mechanical characteristics and their low attenuation at 1.55 μm wavelength. In fact, 6-7 degrees Mohs hardness of these materials allows us to obtain a quite easy precision-processing. Our prototype owns a quality factor of approximately 3×108, which is certainly limited by the available technology. Resonator is coupled to an optical fiber including a taper-waveguide-based on a nm-position resolution. Microwave carrier is generated by locking optical phase modulation to a free-spectral-range (FSR) resonator, which occurs in the X-band. Moreover, this carrier is detected by a standard low-noise InGaAs p-i-n telecom photodiode. Oscillator prototype is assembled on a 0.12 m2 optical breadboard. In principle, this surface can be reduced to those of the oscillator main parts (resonator, laser, photodiode, amplifier and optical modulator). Oscillator phase noise measured by a dual-delay-line instrument, which has been developed in Besançon, corresponds to -90 dBrad2/Hz at 10 kHz off carrier. According to this result, oscillator suffers from severe noise-limitations due to several reasons: the thermal coefficient of the resonator, the low power that the resonator can accept, and the small volume of the energy-confinement region in the resonator (≃2×1014 m3) but our oscillator is packaged in a small volume, contrarily to classic OEO based on an optical fiber of a few km.
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Pascal:11-0007528Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Compact optoelectronic oscillators using WGM modes on fused silica and MgF<sub>2</sub> mini-disks resonators</title><author><name sortKey="Salzenstein, P" uniqKey="Salzenstein P">P. Salzenstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Franche Comté Electronique Mécanique Thermique Optique - Sciences et Technologies (FEMTO-ST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6174, 26 Chemin de l'épitaphe</s1><s2>25030 Besançon</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Franche-Comté</region><settlement type="city">Besançon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Volyanskiy, K" uniqKey="Volyanskiy K">K. Volyanskiy</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Franche Comté Electronique Mécanique Thermique Optique - Sciences et Technologies (FEMTO-ST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6174, 26 Chemin de l'épitaphe</s1><s2>25030 Besançon</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Franche-Comté</region><settlement type="city">Besançon</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Dept. of Optical communications, State University of Aerocosmic and Instrumentration</s1><s2>Saint Petersburg</s2><s3>RUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Russie</country><wicri:noRegion>Saint Petersburg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tavernier, H" uniqKey="Tavernier H">H. Tavernier</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Franche Comté Electronique Mécanique Thermique Optique - Sciences et Technologies (FEMTO-ST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6174, 26 Chemin de l'épitaphe</s1><s2>25030 Besançon</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Franche-Comté</region><settlement type="city">Besançon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rubiola, E" uniqKey="Rubiola E">E. Rubiola</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Franche Comté Electronique Mécanique Thermique Optique - Sciences et Technologies (FEMTO-ST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6174, 26 Chemin de l'épitaphe</s1><s2>25030 Besançon</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Franche-Comté</region><settlement type="city">Besançon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Larger, L" uniqKey="Larger L">L. Larger</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Franche Comté Electronique Mécanique Thermique Optique - Sciences et Technologies (FEMTO-ST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6174, 26 Chemin de l'épitaphe</s1><s2>25030 Besançon</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Franche-Comté</region><settlement type="city">Besançon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="inist">11-0007528</idno><date when="2010">2010</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 11-0007528 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:11-0007528</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">003960</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Repository">004575</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Russie/Extraction">000124</idno></publicationStmt><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0277-786X</idno><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng.</title><title level="j" type="main">Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering</title></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Cavity resonators</term><term>Delay lines</term><term>Gallium Arsenides</term><term>Indium Arsenides</term><term>Magnesium Fluorides</term><term>Micro-optics</term><term>Microwave radiation</term><term>Optical amplifier</term><term>Optical fibers</term><term>Optical modulation</term><term>Optical modulators</term><term>Optical oscillators</term><term>Optical waveguides</term><term>Phase modulation</term><term>Phase noise</term><term>Photodiodes</term><term>Ternary compounds</term><term>Whispering gallery mode</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Mode galerie</term><term>Modulation optique</term><term>Modulation phase</term><term>Bruit phase</term><term>Résonateur cavité</term><term>Guide onde optique</term><term>Photodiode</term><term>Amplificateur optique</term><term>Modulateur optique</term><term>Ligne retard</term><term>Hyperfréquence</term><term>Fibre optique</term><term>Magnésium Fluorure</term><term>Composé ternaire</term><term>Gallium Arséniure</term><term>Indium Arséniure</term><term>Microoptique</term><term>Silice fusionnée</term><term>F Mg</term><term>As Ga In</term><term>MgF2</term><term>InGaAs</term><term>0130C</term><term>4279G</term><term>4260D</term><term>4279H</term><term>4279</term><term>Oscillateur optique</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study deals with a design, fabrication and characterization of compact optoelectronic oscillators (OEO). Resonator behaves as a sphere because energy is trapped in whispering-gallery-modes in the equatorial region. For this purpose, Fused-silica and MgF<sub>2</sub> are suitable, due to their mechanical characteristics and their low attenuation at 1.55 μm wavelength. In fact, 6-7 degrees Mohs hardness of these materials allows us to obtain a quite easy precision-processing. Our prototype owns a quality factor of approximately 3×10<sup>8</sup>, which is certainly limited by the available technology. Resonator is coupled to an optical fiber including a taper-waveguide-based on a nm-position resolution. Microwave carrier is generated by locking optical phase modulation to a free-spectral-range (FSR) resonator, which occurs in the X-band. Moreover, this carrier is detected by a standard low-noise InGaAs p-i-n telecom photodiode. Oscillator prototype is assembled on a 0.12 m<sup>2</sup> optical breadboard. In principle, this surface can be reduced to those of the oscillator main parts (resonator, laser, photodiode, amplifier and optical modulator). Oscillator phase noise measured by a dual-delay-line instrument, which has been developed in Besançon, corresponds to -90 dBrad<sup>2</sup>/Hz at 10 kHz off carrier. According to this result, oscillator suffers from severe noise-limitations due to several reasons: the thermal coefficient of the resonator, the low power that the resonator can accept, and the small volume of the energy-confinement region in the resonator (≃2×10<sup>14</sup> m<sup>3</sup>) but our oscillator is packaged in a small volume, contrarily to classic OEO based on an optical fiber of a few km.</div></front></TEI><inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>0277-786X</s0></fA01><fA02 i1="01"><s0>PSISDG</s0></fA02><fA03 i2="1"><s0>Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng.</s0></fA03><fA05><s2>7716</s2></fA05><fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Compact optoelectronic oscillators using WGM modes on fused silica and MgF<sub>2</sub> mini-disks resonators</s1></fA08><fA09 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Micro-optics 2010 : 12-16 April 2010, Brussels, Belgium</s1></fA09><fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>SALZENSTEIN (P.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>VOLYANSKIY (K.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>TAVERNIER (H.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>RUBIOLA (E.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>LARGER (L.)</s1></fA11><fA12 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>THIENPONT (Hugo)</s1><s9>ed.</s9></fA12><fA14 i1="01"><s1>Franche Comté Electronique Mécanique Thermique Optique - Sciences et Technologies (FEMTO-ST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6174, 26 Chemin de l'épitaphe</s1><s2>25030 Besançon</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="02"><s1>Dept. of Optical communications, State University of Aerocosmic and Instrumentration</s1><s2>Saint Petersburg</s2><s3>RUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA18 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>SPIE</s1><s3>USA</s3><s9>org-cong.</s9></fA18><fA18 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>B-PHOT--Brussels Photonics Team</s1><s3>BEL</s3><s9>org-cong.</s9></fA18><fA18 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>Comité belge d'optique</s1><s3>BEL</s3><s9>org-cong.</s9></fA18><fA20><s2>77162C.1-77162C.9</s2></fA20><fA21><s1>2010</s1></fA21><fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0></fA23><fA25 i1="01"><s1>SPIE</s1><s2>Bellingham, Wash.</s2></fA25><fA26 i1="01"><s0>0-8194-8189-0</s0></fA26><fA26 i1="02"><s0>978-0-8194-8189-4</s0></fA26><fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1><s2>21760</s2><s5>354000174704450670</s5></fA43><fA44><s0>0000</s0><s1>© 2011 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1></fA44><fA45><s0>12 ref.</s0></fA45><fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>11-0007528</s0></fA47><fA60><s1>P</s1><s2>C</s2></fA60><fA61><s0>A</s0></fA61><fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering</s0></fA64><fA66 i1="01"><s0>USA</s0></fA66><fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>This study deals with a design, fabrication and characterization of compact optoelectronic oscillators (OEO). Resonator behaves as a sphere because energy is trapped in whispering-gallery-modes in the equatorial region. For this purpose, Fused-silica and MgF<sub>2</sub> are suitable, due to their mechanical characteristics and their low attenuation at 1.55 μm wavelength. In fact, 6-7 degrees Mohs hardness of these materials allows us to obtain a quite easy precision-processing. Our prototype owns a quality factor of approximately 3×10<sup>8</sup>, which is certainly limited by the available technology. Resonator is coupled to an optical fiber including a taper-waveguide-based on a nm-position resolution. Microwave carrier is generated by locking optical phase modulation to a free-spectral-range (FSR) resonator, which occurs in the X-band. Moreover, this carrier is detected by a standard low-noise InGaAs p-i-n telecom photodiode. Oscillator prototype is assembled on a 0.12 m<sup>2</sup> optical breadboard. In principle, this surface can be reduced to those of the oscillator main parts (resonator, laser, photodiode, amplifier and optical modulator). Oscillator phase noise measured by a dual-delay-line instrument, which has been developed in Besançon, corresponds to -90 dBrad<sup>2</sup>/Hz at 10 kHz off carrier. According to this result, oscillator suffers from severe noise-limitations due to several reasons: the thermal coefficient of the resonator, the low power that the resonator can accept, and the small volume of the energy-confinement region in the resonator (≃2×10<sup>14</sup> m<sup>3</sup>) but our oscillator is packaged in a small volume, contrarily to classic OEO based on an optical fiber of a few km.</s0></fC01><fC02 i1="01" i2="3"><s0>001B40B83</s0></fC02><fC02 i1="02" i2="3"><s0>001B00A30C</s0></fC02><fC02 i1="03" i2="3"><s0>001B40B79G</s0></fC02><fC02 i1="04" i2="3"><s0>001B40B60D</s0></fC02><fC03 i1="01" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Mode galerie</s0><s5>03</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Whispering gallery mode</s0><s5>03</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Modulation optique</s0><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Optical modulation</s0><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Modulation phase</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Phase modulation</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Bruit phase</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Phase noise</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Résonateur cavité</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Cavity resonators</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Guide onde optique</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Optical waveguides</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Photodiode</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Photodiodes</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Amplificateur optique</s0><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Optical amplifier</s0><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Amplificador óptico</s0><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Modulateur optique</s0><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Optical modulators</s0><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Ligne retard</s0><s5>16</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Delay lines</s0><s5>16</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Hyperfréquence</s0><s5>37</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Microwave radiation</s0><s5>37</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Fibre optique</s0><s5>47</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Optical fibers</s0><s5>47</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Magnésium Fluorure</s0><s2>NC</s2><s2>NA</s2><s5>50</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Magnesium Fluorides</s0><s2>NC</s2><s2>NA</s2><s5>50</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Composé ternaire</s0><s5>51</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Ternary compounds</s0><s5>51</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="15" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Gallium Arséniure</s0><s2>NC</s2><s2>NA</s2><s5>52</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="15" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Gallium Arsenides</s0><s2>NC</s2><s2>NA</s2><s5>52</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="16" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Indium Arséniure</s0><s2>NC</s2><s2>NA</s2><s5>53</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="16" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Indium Arsenides</s0><s2>NC</s2><s2>NA</s2><s5>53</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="17" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Microoptique</s0><s5>61</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="17" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Micro-optics</s0><s5>61</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="18" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Silice fusionnée</s0><s4>INC</s4><s5>71</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="19" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>F Mg</s0><s4>INC</s4><s5>75</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="20" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>As Ga In</s0><s4>INC</s4><s5>76</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="21" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>MgF2</s0><s4>INC</s4><s5>83</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="22" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>InGaAs</s0><s4>INC</s4><s5>84</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="23" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>0130C</s0><s4>INC</s4><s5>85</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="24" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>4279G</s0><s4>INC</s4><s5>91</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="25" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>4260D</s0><s4>INC</s4><s5>92</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="26" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>4279H</s0><s4>INC</s4><s5>93</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="27" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>4279</s0><s4>INC</s4><s5>94</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="28" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Oscillateur optique</s0><s4>CD</s4><s5>96</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="28" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Optical oscillators</s0><s4>CD</s4><s5>96</s5></fC03><fN21><s1>003</s1></fN21><fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1></fN44><fN82><s1>OTO</s1></fN82></pA><pR><fA30 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Micro-optics</s1><s3>Brussels BEL</s3><s4>2010</s4></fA30></pR></standard></inist></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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